Multiple-ionization of xenon atoms by positron impact

Previously the cross sections were measured for positronium formation and single ionization by positron impact for He and H2. With the same apparatus, slightly modified, the single and multiple ionization of xenon is now investigated. The principle of the method is the detection of ion and positron in time correlation which allows the discrimination of positronium formation (whereby the positron vanishes) and the destinction of single, double and triple impact ionization (which lead to different ion flight times from the gas target to the ion detector). By using secondary electrons from the positron moderator, similar measurements were performed on electron impact ionization. By comparing with literature values for electron multiple ionization cross sections, the detection-probability ratios were determined for the differently charged ions

Bildung im Dialog der Generationen

Der Beitrag behandelt - ausgehend von den Beiträgen Karl Mannheims und Mathilda Rileys zum Verständnis des Zusammenhangs zwischen Generationenfolge, individueller und gesellschaftlicher Entwicklung - das kulturelle und individuelle Potenzial des Generationendialogs. Der Generationendialog wird als eine bedeutende Komponente von Bildungsangeboten betrachtet. Eine anthropologische Kategorie - Mitverantwortung - sowie zwei psychologische Konstrukte - Identität und Generativität - bilden die theoretische Rahmung einzelner Projekte zur wechselseitigen Sicht von Generationen wie auch zum Generationendialog, die berichtet werden. Es wird auf Grundlage empirischer Daten aufgezeigt, wie auch in Ländern, die in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten politische und kulturelle Umbrüche erfahren haben, der Generationendialog zum wachsenden Verständnis der Generationen untereinander sowie zur Differenzierung von nationaler und kultureller Identität beitragen kann. (DIPF/Orig.)Starting from Karl Mannheim and Mathilda Riley\u27s understanding of the relation between succession of generations, individual and societal development, the paper focuses on the cultural and individual potential of intergenerational dialog as an important component of education. The anthropological category of co-responsibility and the two psychological constructs of identity and generativity are used as the theoretical framework for intergenerational projects being reported. Based on empirical data it will be shown how intergenerational dialog might contribute to a growing mutual understanding between generations and the differentiation of national and cultural identity even in countries which experienced political and cultural upheavals in the last two decades. (DIPF/Orig.

Idea Mining – Text Mining Supported Knowledge Management for Innovation Purposes

Following the emergence of Social Media and the increasing willingness of customers to share thoughts, ideas, and experiences companies are trying to capitalize on such activities. Due to the vast amount of user-generated content, manual analysis and interpretation will not meet the demands of companies in highly competitive environments. Based on an integrative process model, which describes the process of idea generation, we outline a BPMN-based path that allows companies to steer user participation and the application of Text Mining methods to gain valuable ideas for innovative products. Our approach also illustrates the Knowledge Management perspective supporting the customers during idea generation. In order to demonstrate the applicability of our model we finally depict the whole process utilizing Dell’s IdeaStor

Ecological holistic assessment for production technologies

Part of: Seliger, Günther (Ed.): Innovative solutions : proceedings / 11th Global Conference on Sustainable Manufacturing, Berlin, Germany, 23rd - 25th September, 2013. - Berlin: Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin, 2013. - ISBN 978-3-7983-2609-5 (online). - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:83-opus4-40276. - pp. 213–218.Treating the natural environment in a responsible manner is becoming a key challenge for manufacturing companies. This challenge also regards the planning, implementation and modernization of production technologies. In this case, a new technology should not only have economic advantages, such as higher productivity or flexibility, but should address ecological aspects as well. Many existing approaches only focus on air pollution, measured in CO2, and therefore consider only one ecological dimension. So these approaches disregard other effects on the natural environment, such as water and soil pollution. Only through a holistic approach, the influences of a production technology on the environment can be considered completely and comprehensively. The following article describes a holistic ecological assessment approach and illustrates this with an example. This approach enables manufacturing companies to ecologically assess production technologies in a holistic way

Ecological analysis of manufacturing systems focusing on the identification of variety-induced non value adding emissions

Part of: Seliger, Günther (Ed.): Innovative solutions : proceedings / 11th Global Conference on Sustainable Manufacturing, Berlin, Germany, 23rd - 25th September, 2013. - Berlin: Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin, 2013. - ISBN 978-3-7983-2609-5 (online). - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:83-opus4-40276. - pp. 66-71Today manufacturing companies need to raise their awareness about emissions (e.g. CO2 equivalents) and their origins within a manufacturing system. The identification of origins of emissions becomes progressively difficult because of the customer and competition driven increase in product and process variants and the corresponding high level of complexity. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance the ecological transparency in manufacturing systems. This paper introduces an assessment methodology which increases the ecological transparency through the identification of variety-induced ecological effects. Furthermore, the developed methodology enables the user to detect starting points for an ecological optimization of a manufacturing system by the use of organizational measures. The effects of influencing variables are presented on the basis of a case study. The obtained results allow manufacturing companies to reveal and reduce variety-induced non value adding emissions

Spatio-spectral characteristics of parametric down-conversion in waveguide arrays

High dimensional quantum states are of fundamental interest for quantum information processing. They give access to large Hilbert spaces and, in turn, enable the encoding of quantum information on multiple modes. One method to create such quantum states is parametric down-conversion (PDC) in waveguide arrays (WGAs) which allows for the creation of highly entangled photon-pairs in controlled, easily accessible spatial modes, with unique spectral properties. In this paper we examine both theoretically and experimentally the PDC process in a lithium niobate WGA. We measure the spatial and spectral properties of the emitted photon-pairs, revealing strong correlations between spectral and spatial degrees of freedom of the created photons. Our measurements show that, in contrast to prior theoretical approaches, spectrally dependent coupling effects have to be taken into account in the theory of PDC in WGAs. To interpret the results, we developed a theoretical model specifically taking into account spectrally dependent coupling effects, which further enables us to explore the capabilities and limitations for engineering the spatial correlations of the generated quantum states.Comment: 26 pages, 11 figure

Den Tod verstehen: seelisch-geistige Reifung im Sterben als Entwicklungspotenzial

Kranke und alte Menschen sind in besondere Weise mit ihrem Lebensende konfrontiert. Der Autor beschreibt die verschiedenen Ansätze, wie der Prozess hin zum Sterben erlebt und verarbeitet wird, und zeigt dies an dem Beispiel von Johann Sebastian Bach